Material Category

Workpiece materials have been categorized within their ISO application range. Examples of materials in each of these categories are provided for easy reference. Use these categories to determine the proper machining parameters once a chip control style and grade have been selected.

Workpiece Material (Category)	Examples
Low Carbon (<0.3% C) and Free-Machining Steel P1	• AISI 1000 Series (1005-1029) • AISI 1100 Series (1108-1119, 1141, 1151) • AISI 1200 Series • AISI 1500 Series (1513-1522) • AISI 10L18, 11L17, 11L37, 11L41, 12L13, 12L14, 12L15 • A36
Medium and High Carbon Steel (>0.3% C) P2	• AISI 1000 Series (1030-1095) • AISI 1100 Series (1132, 1137, 1139, 1140, 1144, 1145, 1146) • AISI 1500 Series (1524-1572) • AISI 10L45, 10L50, 11L44
Low Alloy Steels P3	• AISI 1300 Series (1340, 1345) • AISI 2000 Series • AISI 3000 Series (3135, 3415, 3435) • AISI 4000 Series (4042, 4047, 4060, 4130, 4135, 4140, 4142, 4145, 4147, 4150, 4161, 4340, 4520) • AISI 5000 Series (5015, 5046, 5115, 5132, 5140, 5145, 5147 5150, 5155, 5160) • AISI 6000 Series (6150) • AISI 8000 Series (8620, 8640, 8642, 8645, 8650, 8655, 8660, 8740, 8742) • AISI 9000 Series (9254, 9255, 9260, 9840) • AISI 40B44, 41L30, 41L40, 41L45, 41L47, 41L50, 43L40, 41L50, 50B40, 50B46, 50B50, 50B60, 51B60, 51L32, 52100, 81B45, 86B45, 86L20, 86L40 • P20 Series
High Alloy Steels and Tool Steels P4	• AISI 4340M, 4340V • SAE Class A, D, H, O, S, M and T tool steels • 300M • 2515 • 50100, 51100, 52100

Workpiece Material (Category)	Examples
Gray Cast Iron K1	• ASTM A48: Class 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 • SAE J 431: G1800, G3000, G3500, G4000
Ductile, Compacted Graphite, and Malleable Cast Irons K2	• ASTM A47: Grade 32510, 35018, 40010, 50005, 70003 • SAE J 148: M3210, M4504, M5003, M5503, M7002 • SAE J 434: D4018, D4512, D5506, D7003 • Grade 250, 300, 350, 400, 450
Nodular Iron K3	• ASTM: 60-40-18, 65-45-12, 80-55-06, 100-70-03, 120-90-02, 125-80-10, 150-100-7, 175-125-4, 200-150-1, 230-185

Austenitic Stainless Steel (200 and 300 Series) M1	• ANSI 200 Series (200, 209, 219) • ANSI 300 Series (301, 302, 303, 304, 304L, 308, 309, 310, 310, 312, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 317L, 318, 321, 326Ti, 329, 347, 384) • ASTM XM-1, XM-5, XM-7, XM-21
Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel (Duplex) M2	• AISI 316LN, 323, S17400, S30415, S31254, S31500, S31753, S31803, S32304, S32750, S32900 • F55 • 2205 • Nitronic 32, Nitronic 33, Nitronic 40, Nitronic 50, Nitronic 60
Ferritic, Martensitic and PH Stainless Steel (400 and 500 Series and PH) M3	• AISI 400 Series (410, 416, 416Se, 420F, 440, 440C) • AISI 500 Series (502, 504) • 15-5 PH, 16-6 PH, 17-4 PH, 17-7 PH, 13-8 PH

Free Machining Non-Ferrous Alloys and Low Silicon Aluminum Alloys (<12% Si) N1	• AA • 2025, 5050, 7050, 1000, 2017 • 2001-T3, 2014-T6, 2024-T4, 6061-T6, 7075 • Silver, brass, lead alloys, platinum, gold, manganese alloys, zinc, magnesium
Non-Free Machining Non-Ferrous Alloys and High Silicon Aluminum Alloys (>12% Si) N2	• 413.1, 514.1, 5005A, 5056A • Aluminum bronze, cupro-nickel, manganese bronze
Copper, Copper Alloys, Bronze N3	• B-148-52 • C18200, C23000, C26000, C27200, C27700, C63000, C81500, C83600, C86200, C86500, C90700, C90800, C93200, C93700, C93800, C94100
Plastics, Nylon, Rubbers, Phenolics, Resins and Graphite Composites N4	• Plastics, Nylon, Rubbers, Phenolics, Resins • Carbon and Graphite Composites • Graphite (280-400 HB, 30-40 HRC) • Brush alloys • Kevlar • CFK, CFRP

Workpiece Material (Category)	Examples
Iron-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys S1	• ASTM A286, A297, A351, A608, A567, A608 • Discaloy • EV9, EV11, HNV3 • Incoloy 800 Series • Invar • Lapelloy • M308 • N-155 • 16-25-6 • 19-9 DL • N08028, N08031, N08330, N08800, R30155, R30556, S41800, S66286
Cobalt-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys S2	• AiResist 13, AiResist 213 • Haynes 21, Haynes 25 (L605), Haynes 188 • H531 • J-1570 • Jetalloy 209 • MAR-M302, MAR-M509 • MP159, MP35N • NASA Co-W-Re • Stellite (21, 30, 31) • R30188, R30605 • WI-52, WI-62
Nickel-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys S3	• ASTM 5391, 5660, 5383, 5397, 5399, 5544, 5390A, 5666 • Astroloy • Haynes 263, 600 • Hastelloy B, C, C-276, G, N, S, W, X • Inconel 600 and 700 Series (601, 617, 625, 700, 706, 713, 718) • IN100, IN102 • Incoloy 900 Series (901) • Jessop G64 • K-500 • M252 • Mar-M200, Mar-M247 • Monel • N06075, N10276, N00625, N08825, N07718, N07750, N10001, N00751 • Nimocast PD16 • Nimonic (101, 105, 115, 263, 80A, 81, 86, 90, 901, 91) • Refractaloy 26 • Rene 41, 95 • Udimet (500, 700) • Waspalloy
Titanium and Titanium Alloys S4	• Pure: Ti 98.8, Ti 98.9,Ti 99.9; • Alloyed: Ti 5Al-2.5Sn, Ti6Al-4V, Ti6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al • R50250, R52250, R54620, R56400, R56620

ASME P-Numbers

To reduce the number of welding and brazing procedure qualifications required base metals have been assigned P-Numbers by the ASME BPVC. Ferrous metals which have specified impact test requirements have been assigned Group Numbers within P-Numbers.

These assignments have been based on comparable base metal characteristics, such as:

• Composition
• Weldability
• Brazeability
• Mechanical Properties

Indiscriminant substitution of materials in a set of P-Numbers or Group Numbers may lead to problems or potentially failures. Engineering assessment is necessary prior to a change in materials.

When a base metal with a UNS number Designation is assigned a P-Number, then a base metal listed in a different ASME material specification with the same UNS number shall be considered that P-Number.

The table below is a guide and is for instructive purposes only. Anyone specifying materials or requirements should refer directly to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code to specify materials, P-Numbers, procedures, or other requirements and not rely on the table below. The table below is only a rather INCOMPLETE and APPROXIMATE summary of ASME data for INSTRUCTIONAL USE ONLY. See ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for materials specifications and P-Numbers.

P-Numbers	Base Metal (Typical or Example)
1	Carbon Manganese Steels (four Group Numbers)
2	Not Used
3	Half Molybdenum or half Chromium, half Molybdenum (three Group Numbers)
4	One and a quarter Chromium, half Molybdenum (two Group Numbers)
5A	Two and a quarter Chromium, one Molybdenum
5B	Five Chromium, half Molybdenum or nine Chromium, one Molybdenum (two Group Numbers)
5C	Chromium, Molybdenum, Vanadium (five Group Numbers)
6	Martensitic Stainless Steels (Grade 410, 415, 429) (six Group Numbers)
7	Ferritic Stainless Steels (Grade 409, 430)
8	Austenitic Stainless Steels Group 1 - Grades 304, 316, 317, 347 Group 2 - Grades 309, 310 Group 3 - High Manganese Grades Group 4 - High Molybdenum Grades
9A, B, C	Two to four Nickel Steels
10A, B, C, F	Various low alloy steels
10H	Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steel (Grades 31803, 32750)
10I	High Chromium Stainless Steel
10J	High Chromium, Molybdenum Stainless Steel
10K	High Chromium, Molybdenum, Nickel Stainless Steel
11A	Various high strength low alloy steels (six Group Numbers)
11B	Various high strength low alloy steels (ten Group Numbers)
12 to 20	Not Used
21	High Aluminum content (1000 and 3000 series)
22	Aluminum (5000 series - 5052, 5454)
23	Aluminum (6000 series – 6061, 6063)
24	Not Used
25	Aluminum (5000 series - 5083, 5086, 5456)
26 to 30	Not used
31	High Copper content
32	Brass
33	Copper Silicone
34	Copper Nickel
35	Copper Aluminum
36 to 40	Not Used
41	High Nickel content
42	Nickel, Copper - (Monel 500)
43	Nickel, Chromium, Iron - (Inconel)
44	Nickel, Molybdenum – (Hastelloy B2, C22, C276, X)
45	Nickel, Chromium
46	Nickel, Chromium, Silicone
47	Nickel, Chromium, Tungsten
47 to 50	Not Used
51, 52, 53	Titanium Alloys
61, 62	Zirconium Alloys